Losses in Transformer:
These are some loses in transformer:
1. Flux Loss
It is the wastage of utilizable charge in flux for generation of emf due to misplacement of the coils.
2. Copper Loss
Copper wire in primary and secondary coil having certain resistance R when current passed, heat energy is produced, it leads to the wastage of energy that is called copper loss.
Decrease resistance = δL/A increases diameter ie by using properly thick copper wires.
3. Hysterisis Loss
Iron material alternatingly magnetizes and demagnetizes loss of energy due to magnetization and demagnetization. Material which is used to do so is soft iron core. TO minimize it, hysteresis loop should be narrow.
4. Humming loss/vibrational loss
Iron core vibrates ( due to demagnetizing and magnetizing ) and produces sound energy i.e humming loss. IT can be minimized by using soft iron core.
5, Eddy current loss
When magnetic flux is changed, circulating current develops i.e Eddy current/ whirlpool/ focal. develops in metal, soft iron core.
The induced circulatinf currents developed in a metal (soft iron core) due to the change in magnetic flux linked with the metal i.e iron core. This is eddy current. The direction of eddy current can be determined by using lenz law.
The eddy current produec heat energy in the iron core ( metal ) and leads to the wastage of ebergy called eddy curent's loss.
This can be minimized using a number of laminated iron core instead of large block of iron.
Uses:
- Induction furnance
- Induction heater
- Diathermy
- Speedometer
- Electromagnetic brakes
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